- ἔρημος
- ἔρημος, ον (s. prec. and next entry; Hom.+; on the accent s. B-D-F §13; Mlt-H. 58).① as adj. pert. to being in a state of isolation, isolated, desolate, desertedⓐ of an area isolated, unfrequented, abandoned, empty, desolate τόπος (Diod S 15, 49, 1 ἐν ἐ. τόπῳ; Plut., Numa 61 [4, 1]; Arrian, Ind. 22, 4; OGI 580, 7; En 18:12; TestAbr B 12 p. 116, 24 [Stone p. 80]; ParJer; AscIs 2:8; Philo, Spec. Leg. 4, 141; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 308; Just., A I, 53, 9 χώραν ἔ.) Mt 14:13, 15; Mk 1:35, 45; 6:31f, 35; Lk 4:42; 9:10 v.l., 12. οἶκος (Artem. 2, 33 p. 130, 10; Philo, Spec. Leg. 2, 133; Jos., Vi. 376) Mt 23:38. ἔπαυλις Ac 1:20. ὁδός lonely 8:26 (Arrian, Anab. 3, 3, 3 ἐρήμη ἡ ὁδός; 3, 21, 7; s. on Γάζα). χωρίον Papias (3).ⓑ of pers. desolate, deserted (Trag., Thu.; JosAs 12:11 ‘orphaned’; Just., D. 69, 4; τοῖς ἐ. γνώσεως θεοῦ) a childless woman (Chariton 3, 5, 5) Gal 4:27; 2 Cl 2:1 (both Is 54:1; cp. Philo, Exsecr. 158). ἔ. ἀπὸ τ. θεοῦ deserted by God 2:3 (cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 30 §130 ἔ. ἐκ παραπομπῆς=deserted by his escort).② as subst. ἡ ἔ. (Hdt. 3, 102 al.; LXX; En 10:4; TestAbr B 12 p. 116, 26; 28 [Stone p. 80]; ParJer 7:20; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 89; sc. χώρα) an uninhabited region or locality, desert, grassland, wilderness (in contrast to cultivated and inhabited country) Mt 24:26; Rv 12:6, 14; 17:3. Pl. lonely places (cp. PTebt 61a, 151 [118 B.C.]; PsSol 5:9) Lk 1:80; 5:16; 8:29. Steppe, grassland as pasture 15:4. Of the Judean wilderness, the stony, barren eastern declivity of the Judean mountains toward the Dead Sea and lower Jordan Valley (1 Macc 2:29; 5:24, 28; 2 Macc 5:27) Mt 3:1 (ἡ ἔ. τῆς Ἰουδαίας); 4:1; 11:7; Mk 1:4 12f; Lk 3:2; 4:1; 7:24; J 11:54. Here also belong the reff. to Is 40:3 (cp. 1QS 8, 12–14 w. ref. to Is 40:3 and s. HRüger, ZNW 60, ’69, 142–44; GNebe, ibid. 63, ’72, 283–89): Mt 3:3; Mk 1:3; Lk 3:4; J 1:23; GJs 16:2ab v.l. (s. ἐρημία). Gathering-place of an aroused band of Judean patriots Ac 21:38 (on the language cp. Jos., Bell. 7, 438; on the Egyptian, Bell. 2, 261f ἐκ τῆς ἐρημίας, Ant. 20, 169; Schürer I 463, 33; 464). Of the Arabian desert (LXX; Just.) ἡ ἔ. τοῦ ὄρους Σινᾶ (Ex 19:1f; cp. vs. 3 al.) Ac 7:30; cp. J 3:14; 6:31, 49; Ac 7:36, 38, 42 (Am 5:25),44; 13:18; 1 Cor 10:5; Hb 3:8 (Ps 94:8), 17; AcPl Ha 8, 16. As the place where the prophets Eldad and Modat preached Hv 2, 3, 4.—AJonsen, Die bibl. Wüste, diss. Würzb. 1923; UMauser, Christ in the Wilderness (Mk) ’63; RFunk, JBL 78, ’59, 205–14.—DELG s.v. ἐρῆμος (the accented form in Hom. et al.). M-M. TW. Sv.
Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία. 2015.